From Carbon Leakage (the problem) to the CBAM (the solution): navigating the spill over carbon effect and how the EU can mitigate such a issue.

What is the B Corp Certification and why companies are eager to get it. The benefits of this certification include more transparency and accountability towards the stakeholders, besides building more trust.
However, to be eligible a company needs to pass through various steps, including the B Impact Assessment and the evaluation of the company structure. Here we explain all the steps.

In the realm of sustainability, terms like CSRD, NFRD, double materiality, ESRS, and ESG reporting have emerged, reshaping reporting standards and emphasizing the importance of considering both financial and sustainability perspectives.

The environmental cost of war is often overlooked, with military activities contributing around 5.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2022. This lack of transparency hampers efforts to mitigate the environmental impact, exemplified by the projected 120 million-tonne increase in greenhouse gases in the first year of the Ukraine war, equivalent to the annual output of three countries combined. Urgent action and transparency are needed to address the environmental consequences of global conflicts.

When it comes to addressing climate change, reducing methane emissions from animal farming is crucial. While vegetarian and vegan choices are best for the environment, exploring how switching from beef to pork can still have positive effects is worth considering. Beef production requires 20 times more land and emits 11 times more greenhouse gases than pork. Understanding the environmental impact of different meats allows informed decisions for a more sustainable future.

Denmark's effective carbon tax system has positioned the country as a leader in fighting climate change. By imposing financial burdens on carbon emitters, the tax encourages a shift to cleaner energy sources. Revenue generated is strategically invested in environmental initiatives, driving sustainable practices and technological advancements. However, challenges exist, including potential impacts on industry competitiveness and distributional concerns. Despite these challenges, Denmark has achieved significant emissions reductions, making the carbon tax a powerful tool for driving change.

Recycled paper has significant advantages in energy consumption, generating 28-70% less energy compared to non-recycled paper. It also produces 20-50% fewer carbon dioxide emissions and requires less water usage. By choosing recycled paper packaging, we conserve energy, reduce emissions, and promote sustainable resource management.

The Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) is a groundbreaking EU regulatory framework enhancing sustainability reporting standards. The CSRD applies to nearly 50,000 companies, including large non-EU firms. Large companies meeting specific criteria must comply from 2024, while listed SMEs comply from 2026. SMEs can opt-out until 2028. The CSRD mandates comprehensive sustainability reporting, standardized digital format, and limited third-party assurance. EFRAG develops reporting standards, including double materiality and reporting scope 3 emissions. Early action is crucial to meet CSRD requirements and stay ahead in the evolving landscape of sustainability reporting.

When it comes to global goods transportation, sea and air are prominent modes, but their environmental impacts differ. Sea freight offers efficiency and lower carbon emissions due to reduced fuel consumption and advancements in vessel technology. AP Moller-Maersk's use of biofuels exemplifies sustainable practices. Air freight, while fast, emits significant greenhouse gases and pollutants, making it less environmentally friendly. Sea freight has a clear advantage with 15-25 times fewer CO2 emissions. Multimodal options and ongoing innovations in vessel designs and aviation fuels aim to reduce environmental impacts. Striking a balance between speed, cost, and the environment is key for sustainable transportation choices.

Measuring a company's carbon footprint across scopes 1, 2, and 3 is the first step in developing a climate strategy. To achieve the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C goal, an annual reduction rate of 7.6% is needed without carbon removal.

Reducing carbon intensity in the supply chain is key to reducing the overall footprint, and frameworks like GHG Protocol and ISO 14064 can help businesses. Companies can potentially save money and enhance their reputation by taking a holistic approach to reducing emissions.

Carbon removal involves actively removing CO₂ from the atmosphere and storing it in a stable form. Methods include reforestation, soil carbon sequestration, direct air capture, CCS, BECCS, enhanced weathering, bio-oil, and biochar. Each method has its own strengths and limitations. Combining different methods may be necessary for effective carbon removal.

Carbon removal is crucial in mitigating climate change by actively removing CO₂ from the atmosphere and storing it in a stable form. Different methods like reforestation and direct air capture are used, and permanence and scale are important considerations.

The Oxford Net-Zero Offsetting Principles categorize carbon offsets into five categories, with Category V being the most effective. It is recommended to focus on removal projects instead of compensation projects that only offset emissions.

The acceptable emissions in 2030 for a 1.5°C world are 33 GtCO₂e globally, but current pledges fall short. Global emissions must become net negative after 2050, and an annual reduction rate of 7.6% is needed to meet the Paris Agreement's goal.

A holistic approach is needed, including carbon pricing mechanisms and engaging all levels of society to close the emissions gap and create a sustainable future.

The Earth's climate is changing at an alarming rate due to human activity, leading to rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and heat waves. To limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, global CO2 emissions must be reduced by 45% from 2010 levels by 2030 and reach net zero by around 2050.

However, current climate pledges are not enough to meet this goal, and much stronger and more rapid emissions reductions are necessary. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to close the emissions gap and protect the planet from irreversible damage.